HIST 249 Study Guide - Fall 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Medicine, Reading Company, Hippocrates
HIST 249
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
Introduction to Western Medicine
• 3rd floor of MCMED - history of medicine library
• Sample final exams
• Recorded lectures
• Readings per lecture - online, course pack, book
• 2 writing assignments:
o Primary sources - document produced at the time by people at this time
o Analysis - what is the document saying & why is it saying it
o Look @ text & the context (author, events…)
o #1 - no outside sources, middle ages document
o #2 - find your own primary source, session will be held
o #3 - take home exam, submitted online, essay questions (Dec 14th)
• History of medicine in the West - Europe, America
o How people of the past understand disease & change
o How our understanding of disease came about
• Western medicine
o Disease, therapy
o Changes in the 19th century
• Harvey
o Understood the heart as its own organ with its own mechanics
o Body is a system that is driven by specific organs
o Huge changes in this timeline
• The Insertion of the Tube painting
o Tile flooring in the hospitals because it was easier to clean, disinfect
o A lot of people watching - students
o Gender separation (men are doctors, single female is the nurse)
• Medieval Hospital
o Looks like a church but is a hospital
o Nuns caring for patients
o Priests & doctors
o Urine - way of seeing inside the body, colour indicating disease
• This course identifies:
o What is different
o Why is this different
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
2
• What stays the same in Western medicine:
a. Nature
• Greek
• Body is embedded in the physical world - body is a nature
• Body is different than the person
• Which is why when your sick it feels like your body is the enemy
• Disease also has a nature - have their own life, functions w their nature
b. Knowledge
• Greek - epistemic
• Not subjective, opinion, up for debate - it is objective knowledge
• Ancient & modern - uses this world in a particular way
c. The Anatomical Body
• Western
• Anatome - to cut up
• A body with structures - schemata (PSYC)
• Body can be dissembled to see how it works
d. Profession
• Public statement / confession of who you are
• Public promise or oath
e. Therapy
• Greek (therapon - an attendant)
• Someone who helps you out
• Free service/goods
• Serving the gods
• Doctors - bedside companionship
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Jenner: anaesthesia, opens up revolutionary surgery for health care, renaissance, scientific revolution, enlightenment, disease, sick (weak, lack of capacity, sick different than sickness. Ill (deformity, evil: people with physical disabilities - moral negativity, disease (discomfort, ailment (suffering, pain, external, ontological conceptions (disease comes from the outside, material or object from the outside - poison (toxic, arrow, a living material - worm. Invisible powerful being - demon, god: demons - torment us, gods - punish us. Internal: dynamic or physiological concepts (enemy is inside us, body"s failure to respond to environment, putrefaction - rotting garbage --> septic wound. Irrigation is required (law, government) to control disputes about land. Like the nil river: channel for food, air (mouth --> anus, putrefaction inside of the body - get it out from either side of the channel, aim is to unblock the channel due to putrefaction. Important of elimination in therapy: arrest corruption, get the bad stuff out, blocked channels due to putrefaction.
