LING 355 Study Guide - Final Guide: Eric Lenneberg, Creole Language, Underdetermination

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If the embedded clause is introduced by a wh-phrase, wh-movement out of it is no longer possible. *whati does john know [whoj jane gave ti to tj]: production of ld questions. Thornton and crain (1994): majority of wh-questions produced by the children were adult-like. They were also producing wh-questions with a medial that. The main error was repeating the wh-words in both clauses, explicitly marking the wh-movements at each points: comprehension of ld questions. De villers, roeper & vainikka (1990): children know the constraint against movement of ld wh-questions and gave equal responses to a potentially ambiguous question: (cid:862)whe(cid:374) did the (cid:271)oy say __ that he hurt hi(cid:373)self __? (cid:863) Time of hurting vs. *time of telling the story ambiguity lost. Common error was just answering the question in the lower clause: children also know constraint on yes-no questions in sentences including a relative clause.

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