[POLI 212] - Midterm Exam Guide - Everything you need to know! (21 pages long)

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All modern democracies are states: state: most efficient institutional set-up: territorial sovereignty allows for centralized jurisdiction, standardized economic transactions, better at waging war. Dimension i: executive power and party dynamics, executive vs. legislative power, party system, electoral system. What are they arguing over (gay marriage, war etc. ) Dimension ii: unitary vs. federal, unicameral vs. bicameral unwritten vs. written constitution complicates dimension 1, Unitary: national government is centralized (ex: sweden, basically all decisions made by. Pm) federal: decisions made are split between the central and provincial/state governments. Sovereig(cid:374)ty shared, a federal gov"t is (cid:271)i(cid:272)a(cid:373)eral (cid:271)ut a (cid:271)i(cid:272)a(cid:373)eral is(cid:374)"t (cid:374)e(cid:272)essarily federal: countries fall into one of the dimensions above, majoritarian (dimension 1) Concentration of executive power in one party. Two party system: on controls legislature and then the other once there is an election: parties differ on economic issues. Plurality ele(cid:272)toral syste(cid:373): do(cid:374)"t (cid:374)eed (cid:373)ajority votes, just most votes: ex: new zealand, united kingdom, consensus (dimension 1)

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