BIOLOGY 2A03- Midterm Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam ( 91 pages long!)

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Metabolic pathway molecules into more readily usable materials. Remember: metabolic pathways need enzymes to perform sustainably. without enzymes, the reactions would not occur fast enough to sustain the life of the cell. Eg: cellular respiration: sugar taken by the cell and broken down to make atp (energy). Eg: photosynthesis: oxygen and c-arbon dioxide is taken to create glucose molecules. Release energy while break down molecules. Thermal energy: random motion of particles (produce heat) Gravitational energy: attraction between 2 objects. (pulled together) Chemical energy: attraction of electrons to protons in chemical bonds. Known as bond energy, it is the energy stored in glucose and atp molecules used for metabolic reactions. Coupled reactions: exergonic reactions supply energy to endergonic reactions. Eg: when you eat something, chemical energy in food is converted into usable atp for movement(kinetic energy). no energy is lost, everything is accounted for.