BIOLOGY 1A03 Study Guide - Final Guide: Cystic Fibrosis, Rna Splicing, Lipid Bilayer

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BIOLOGY 1A03 Full Course Notes
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BIOLOGY 1A03 Full Course Notes
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Prokaryotes lack a nucleus: no physical barrier separating genetic material, instead genetic material is in a concentrated region of cell (nucleotide, contain additional molecules of dna that carry a few genes. Eukaryotes have a nucleus: nuclear membrane allows for more complex regulation of gene expression, dna is transcribed to rna. Microorganisms (bacteria) in a particular environment (combined genetic material) Affects human health in many important ways: ex. streptococcus salivarius: normal inhabitant of upper respiratory tract and oral cavity, ex. staphylococcus haemolyticus: resides on skin, ex. bacteriodes thetaiotaomicron: permanent intestinal bacteria. Macromolecules nucleic acids (dna & rna), proteins, polysaccharides, phospholipids. Cell membrane bound structure containing macromolecules. Cell membrane is made up of lipids: each macromolecule has hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties that allow stacked lipid bilayer to form. Different lipids can be found in cells: typically there are 16 or 18 carbons in a single chain, bonds connecting carbons may be single bonds (saturated) or double bonds (unsaturated)

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