BIOLOGY 1M03 Study Guide - Final Guide: Australopithecus Garhi, Stone Tool, Oldowan

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Oldowan toolmakers & the origin of human life history. A. afarnesis (ie. lucy) believed to be the rst: cut marks on bone 3. 4 mya, most scienti c community doesn"t agree with this. More widely accepted as the rst hominin to use tools: found with tools 2. 5 million years ago. Food resources: collected food fruit & leaves (most for chimps, extracted food termites, honey, tubers, hunted food vertebrate pray (most for humans) Hunter gatherer societies: men hunt, women do extractive foraging. Having a constant system of extractive foraging is essential because hunting uses too much energy. Evidence for meat eating: butchered bones & tools in collections, bovid concentrations outnumber all others. Evidence for both: hunting toothmarks on top of cut marks, scavenging cut marks on top of carnivore tooth marks. Home bases: a modern human universal concept, began possibly as early as 1. 9 million years ago not completely accepted.

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