[BIOLOGY 2F03] - Final Exam Guide - Everything you need to know! (42 pages long)

• School: McMaster University
• Department: Biology
• Course: BIOLOGY 2F03
• Professor: Lovaye Kajiura

Document Summary

Northerly area, open landscape of mosses, lichens, dwarf willows containing small ponds and clear streams. In summer, a carpet of lichens and mosses, with peat (soggy areas), in summer nesting birds. Long and cold winters with warm summer air. Cold and dry (does not get very cold or very warm compared to boreal forest). Varying precipitation from 200 mm to 600 mm, but even with this, temperature is still low: - Precipitation exceeds evapotranspiratio n leading to soggy short summers, ponds, and streams low precipitation with even lower temperature. Above freezing only a few months (summer), proximity to sea can moderate temperature and cause it to arise. Soil building is slow due to low decomposition rates, organic matter accumulates in deposits of peat and humus. Surface soils thaw, but are underlain by permafrost (may be many metres thick): A frozen layer of soil , that remains frozen over the summer.