BIOLOGY 3UU3 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Non-Rapid Eye Movement Sleep, Sleep Deprivation, Circadian Clock
7 Feb 2017
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Document Summary
The genetic and molecular regulation of sleep: from fruit flies to humans. Genetic factors affect sleep quantity + quality. Genes linked to human sleep disorders shown to affect sleep across species core. Evolutionary conserved regulation of sleep mechanisms underlying sleep and its regulation are conserved. Ion channels: circadian regulation, neurotransmission and other signaling pathways, hormones. More similar in monozygotic than dizygotic twins = genetic basis. Sleep phenotypes can change independently of each other: how sleep propensity changes over a day, restricts sleep to a time of day ecologically appropriate. Homeostatic mechanism (regulation: how sleep pressure accumulates during wakefulness and discharge during sleep. Wakefulness prolonged beyond physiological duration sleepiness increases and performance decreases when sleep finally occurs its duration and intensity is greater than baseline. Regulated locally brain regions that had synaptic potentiation show larger slow waves = deeper sleep states. Characterised behaviourally by quiescence + increased arousal threshold (reduced responsiveness)
