HTHSCI 2HH3 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Von Willebrand Factor, Defecation, Abdominal Pain

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This strain contains a chromosomally located pathogenicity island which encodes proteins necessary to produce what"s called an attaching and effacing effect. This allows the bacteria to attach to intestinal epithelial cells and induce loss of microvilli on the apical surface. These proteins include intimin which brings the bacteria into close contact with the epithelial cell and a type iii secretion system by which bacterial proteins can be injected into the epithelial cell. As the bacteria passes through the stomach, the low ph of the stomach induces expression of these proteins, thus facilitates the pathogenesis once the bacteria reaches the lower gi tract. Once in the er, it induces apoptosis by disrupting protein synthesis. Additionally, the toxin upregulates expression of adhesion molecules on endothelial cells, and facilitates adherence and degranulation of neutrophils; degranulation releases elastase and disrupts the extracellular matrix resulting in cell detachment.

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