HTHSCI 1LL3 Final: Review Notes for 1LL3

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Biochemistry the study of life at the molecular level. The major biomolecules are: proteins carbohydrates nucleic acids lipids. Major elements on the periodic table: h, c, n, o. Carbon: is the atom involved in all organic molecules simplest organic compound methane. Electronegativity: higher electronegativity = more pull of the electrons toward its nucleus. Aa"s all have similar structure, with different side chains/r-groups. Simple sugars: sucrose, lactose (disaccharides) & starch (polysaccharide) Glucose, fructose, galactose are monosaccharides (simple sugars) Lipids: or fats, are composed of fatty acids and glycerol contain less oxygen than carbs and proteins, they are more. Reduced : therefore yield more nrg when oxidized. Dna & rna are polymers made up of nucleotides. Nucleotides consist of: sugar (carb) with a nitrogen base, and a phosphate molecule. Important for understanding how genetic info is passed from one cell to the other.

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