LINGUIST 1A03- Final Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam ( 29 pages long!)
28 Mar 2018
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Document Summary
Scientific approach of making empirical observations (observe data to find evidence for theories) to find how people use language. Takes descriptive approach to language (describe what people do with language, but don"t prescribe how they should or shouldn"t do it) Shared system that allows us to understand each other"s ideas when we speak that we know unconsciously. Mental grammar is generative: every language can generate an infinite number of possible new words and sentences. Mental grammar is governed by systematic principles. Linguistic competence: subconscious knowledge that enables native speakers to produce and understand and unlimited number of familiar and new utterances. Phonology: how the mental grammar of each language organizes sounds. Morphology: strategies languages use to form words. Syntax: different ways languages combine words to form sentences. Semantics: how the meanings of words/sentences are organized in the mind. Generality: all languages have grammar (mental grammar) Parity: all languages are equally valid, "better than" = social judgment, not linguistic judgments.
