NURS 2003 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Diabetes Mellitus Type 2, Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal Axis, Inflammatory Bowel Disease
30 Jan 2017
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Document Summary
The perception of a threat to one"s physical or psychological well-being and the perception that one may not be able to cope with the threat. Peripheral sensors identify a change (stressor) and send message to: Integrating center identifies if problem and sends message to effectors. Hypothalamus releases corticotropin releasing hormone (crh) which stimulates: Anterior pituitary: adrenocorticotropic hormone (acth) released which acts on adrenal cortex to release cortisol. Sns: norepinephrine released and epinephrine released from adrenal medulla. Epinephrine- increases blood flow to the heart, brain, and skeletal muscles by dilating vessels to these organs. Norepinephrine- complements epinephrine by constricting vessels to the skin and viscera and thereby shifting blood to the vessels dilated by epinephrine. Decreased gastric secretions (salivary and parietal cells)- dry mouth. Stimulates neurons in brain- increases concentration, can cause agitation also. Stimulates the sa node in heart- increase firing rate= increase hr= o2 to tissues (also increase bp)
