CIVL 350 Final: Most efficient channel section

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Most efficient channel section: for a rectangular channel with constant design area a: To minimize take: dp/dy = 0 with a= constant. A = 2y2 b = 2y (this is 1/2 of a square!: similarly, the most efficient trapezoidal channel is a 1/2 hexagon with m1= m2 = 31/2/3. A sewer pipe of circular section is made of concret (n=0. 014). It is to convey water at uniform flow conditions such that the pipe flows half full, that is y=d/2, where d is the diameter of the pipe.