PHIL 202 Study Guide - Final Guide: Venn Diagram, Germ Theory Of Disease, Third Gender
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Reading
Main Points
Details
Plato
- Aristophanes’
three sex model
- Sun, earth, moon people (know the differences)
- Sun – two males the light (more light more male)
why sun people are the best leaders? (look at weekly Qs)
most male, attracted to male things
- Earth – two females no light
- Moon – male and female sun reflects little light
- Reproduce the venn diagram
BODY SEX ORIENTATION
Groneberg
- Aristophanes’
three sex model
and its
employment by
later thinkers
- Ulrichs – 3-sex model
(dionian is considered standard; they don’t require explanation because opposite sex
attraction is the standard)
i. Dionian male
ii. Dionian female
iii. Uranian – anyone who isn’t heterosexual – everyone who requires special
explanations
- Ulrich’s germ theory
Who we explain uranians
Same sex attraction – seeds of who we are – might not match the gender of your body
– its your germ that is attracted to the opposite sex; if we males are attracted to each
other, one of them have a female germ
M1 M2
[M germ] [F germ]
m1 senses m2’s f germ
-----------------------------------------
F1 M1
[M germ] [F germ]
F1 senses M2’s F germ
- Is sexual orientation innate or development
- Freud’s and Ulrich’s and Aristophanes’
-sexual orientation – development or innate?
i. development: grow into;
FREUD: something about early childhood development
ii. innate: something that’s been there; there from birth; scientific view
ULRICHS, ARISTOPHANES
- contrast the three sex models
- ARIS – two sexes are homo
ULR – one homo
- ARIS – no need to explain – whoever you were before you were split; doesn’t consider
sex orientation to be pathological; all have parallel orientation – depends on who your
other half was before Zeus split you in half
ULR – there is pathological explanation
d’Anglure
- Third gender of
the Inuit
- Third gender straddling the divide
Shamanism (tribal magic man)
- Story of the strange man
- Big anus
- Explanations for Inuit decision to raise children the opposite sex
i. Division of labour within the family
(economical)
ii. Dead ancestor reason
(spiritual) – to keep family connection tight
- Interesting question for Clark – how it helps society more stable
Gender swapping
Nanda
- Hijras of India
- What is a hijra? Abduct intersex babies?
- Explanations of why people become hijras – roles they fill
i. Economical reasons – support each other – make money from Indian man –
through sex trade; ceremonial functions; embarrass people into giving them