PHGY 210 Study Guide - Summer 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Synapse, Speed, Peripheral Nervous System
12 Oct 2018
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PHGY 210
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
Physiology Week 1-Homeostasis and neuronal biology
Physiology:
Comes from Greek: Physio=nature and logica=study. It is essentially the chemistry and physics
of life.
Internal Environment:
• Extracellular (ECEF) and intracellular fluid (ICF)
o ECF surrounds cells
o Pass through ECF to access ICF
o If you want to go into cell, it needs to go through the ECF to get to the ICF
• Chemistry of life
o Makes sure proteins inside and outside cell are happy.
o Cells need specific and stable environment
o Proteins need correct temperature, pH, osmolality.
o These all influence the way proteins work.
o To maintain stable environment, cells and tissues use concept called
homeostasis.
Homeostasis:
• The maintenance of constant internal environment.
• Homeostasis and feedback control
o Set point: desired value of controlled variable
o Sensor: Detects change between environmental change and that variable
o Integrator: Compares variable to set point
o Effector: Opposes change, keeps it constant. Keeps intercellular space relatively
constant.
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Negative Feedback Positive Feedback
37 degrees
Celsius
Body temperature
thermoreceptor
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
It is essentially the chemistry and physics of life. Internal environment: extracellular (ecef) and intracellular fluid (icf, ecf surrounds cells, pass through ecf to access icf. Homeostasis: the maintenance of constant internal environment, homeostasis and feedback control, set point: desired value of controlled variable, sensor: detects change between environmental change and that variable. Integrator: compares variable to set point: effector: opposes change, keeps it constant. Key to homeostasis: effector opposes change to set point (bp, temp, po2). They are all factors that are easily measured in the extracellular space. Most of them are negative feedback, loop, a stimulus, a response, and then something opposed it. Neurons action potentials, very quickly goes out of control, and there is something that shuts this off, different in channels. Birth: babies head hits the cervix, oxytocin is released, causes uterus to contract. Add picture form slide 5 of lecture notes.
