BCH 261- Final Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam ( 45 pages long!)

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Rubisco is made up of several subunits. So how do you isolate the gene and then manipulate its corresponding protein function: have to be able to extract, replicate, and express the gene in order to modify it. There is a problem with the process of isolating the rubisco gene including: specificity problem. Have to find the rubisco gene out of thousands of different genes: yield problem. Need micrograms to modify the dna structure. But the total dna content is only 6 picograms so it creates a problem. Also, rubisco gene is only <0. 1% of total dna. Dna based information technologies: restriction endonucleases and dna ligases yield recombinant dna. Restriction endonucleases area enzymes that recognize palindromic sequences in dna. Using restriction enzymes you can solve the specificity problem because you can use these enzymes to isolate the gene of interest. The enzyme changes b-dna configuration to a-dna configuration which can help cut the dna at the restriction site.

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