CRM 300- Midterm Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam ( 17 pages long!)

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The history, structure & function of policing in canada. The development of full-time, state-sanctioned police forces that enforce the law is a relatively recent phenomenon. Prior to their emergence, order was maintained through various forms of informal social control: the reactions of individuals or groups that bring about conformity to norms and laws, includes peer and community. We check our behavior b/c if we violate norms, get punished (social isolation) Set of shared understandings of what is socially acceptable, negative consequence for violation. Tend to be more effective in small, homogenous communities. As societies grew and became increasingly complex, self-regulating arrangements diminished and external, formal social controls became necessary: Social mechanisms that regulate individual and group behaviour, leading to conformity and compliance to the rules of a given society or social group. Informal social control still effective in small communities, groups. Formal social control needed to maintain order for larger society.

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