ECN 104 Study Guide - Final Guide: Kilogram, Overproduction, Redistribution Of Income And Wealth

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coffeecoyote275

30 Apr 2012

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When supply increases, the equilibrium price falls and the equilibrium quantity increases. This depends on the responsiveness of the quantity demanded to a change in price. The measure of responsiveness is known as elasticity. The price elasticity of demand is a units-free measure of the responsiveness of the quantity demanded of a good to a change in its price when all other influences on buying plans remain the same. Price elasticity of demand = p r nt n n qu nt ty m n p r nt n n pr. To calculate price elasticity of demand, we express the changes in price and quantity demanded as percentages of the average price and the average quantity. We calculate the elasticity at a point on the demand curve that is midway between the original point and the new point. The original price is . 50 and new price is . 50, therefore the average price is .

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Discussion #1

The law of demand states that a fall in the price of a good raises the quantity demanded, and the increase in price leads to a decrease in quantity demanded. The price elasticity of demand measures the responsiveness of the quantity demanded to a change in price. Demand for a good is said to be elastic if the quantity demanded responds substantially to changes in the price, and the percentage change in quantity demanded is greater than the percentage change in price. Demand is said to be inelastic if the quantity demanded responds only slightly to changes in the price, which indicates that the percentage in price is greater than the percentage in quantity demanded.

However, the extent of responsiveness of quantity demanded to a change in price depends on the nature of a particular good or service in the market. The price elasticity of demand partly depends on the availability of close substitutes. When a large number of substitutes are available, consumers respond to a higher price of a good by buying more of the substitute goods and less of the relatively more expensive good. In addition, goods or services that are considered necessities tend to have less elastic (more inelastic) demand, whereas goods or services that are considered luxuries have more elastic (less inelastic) demands.

Explain why the demand for the good or service provided by the organization you work for is elastic or inelastic. How does this influence pricing decisions?
Provide examples on how the availability of close substitutes affects price elasticity of demand.
Give specific examples of necessities or luxuries, and explain how they affect price elasticity of goods or services.

Please answer ALL bulletins and place the answers under the correct bulletin.

interval (or arc) elasticity

cross-price elasticity

price elasticity of demand

elastic demand

income elasticity

inelastic demand

inframarginal units

marginal revenue

point elasticity

price effect

quantity effect

total revenue

unitary elastic demand

1. __________________ A measure of consumersâ sensitivity or responsiveness to changes in the price of a good or service.

2. ___________________ When the percentage change in price (in absolute value) is more than the percentage change in quantity demanded (in absolute value).

3. ___________________ When the percentage change in quantity demanded (in absolute value) is more than the percentage change in price (in absolute value).

4. ___________________ When the percentage change in quantity demanded (in absolute value) is just equal to the percentage change in price (in absolute value).

5. ___________________ Total amount paid to a producer for a good or service P * Q.

6. ___________________ The effect on total revenue of a change in price, holding quantity constant.

7. ___________________ The effect on total revenue of a change in quantity, holding price constant.

8. ___________________ An elasticity calculated over an interval of a demand curve or demand schedule.

9. ___________________ Elasticity at a specific price or point on a demand curve.

10. ___________________ A measure of how responsive quantity demanded is to a change in income, all other things constant.

11. ___________________ A measure showing how responsive the quantity demanded of one good is to changes in the price of another good, other factors constant.

12. ___________________ The additional revenue received by producing and selling one more unit of output.

13. ___________________ Units of output that could have been sold at a higher price had the firm not lowered its price to sell additional (marginal) units.

coffeehornet269

1) If the supply curve is relatively flat, then the price elasticity of supply will be:

a. relatively large. b. relatively low. c. negative. d. decreasing at an increasing rate.

2)Last semester there were 5000 parking spaces available on campus. The price of a parking permit was $80 per semester, and the quantity demanded equaled the quantity supplied at this price. Suppose the number of parking spaces increases by 10% and the elasticity of demand for parking is 0.5. Parking Services should ________ the price of a permit by ________ to guarantee that quantity demanded will equal quantity supplied.

a. decrease; 10% b. decrease; 20% c. decrease; 5% d. increase; 10%

3)Two goods are complements if the: Select one:

a. price elasticity of each is greater than one. b. income elasticity of each is negative. c. cross-price elasticity is negative. d. cross-price elasticity is positive.

4)Suppose the price elasticity of supply for rocking chairs is 1.2 and the price increases by 20%. The quantity supplied will increase by ________ %. Select one:

a. 20 b. 24 c. 18 d. 12

5)The price elasticity of demand for gasoline is 0.5 and the price elasticity of supply for gasoline is 1.1. If demand rises by 25%, the price of gasoline will: Select one:

a. rise by 15.6%. b. fall by 15.6%. c. rise by 6.4%. d. fall by 6.4%.

6)The price elasticity of demand for wheat bread is 2.1 and the price elasticity of supply for wheat bread is 1.6. If demand falls by 20%, the price of wheat bread will: Select one:

a. rise by 5.41%. b. fall by 5.41%. c. rise by 18.5%. d. fall by 18.5%.

7)Good X and good Y are substitutes if the: Select one:

a. income elasticity of each is negative. b. income elasticity of each is positive. c. cross-price elasticity is negative. d. cross-price elasticity is positive.

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ECN 104 Study Guide - Final Guide: Kilogram, Overproduction, Redistribution Of Income And Wealth

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