ENG 222 Study Guide - Final Guide: Little Red Riding Hood, Victorian Era, Red Riding

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Fantasy as a critique of a reality that is fallen = modern/post ww1 society which is ugly, cruel, destructive of nature, motivated by greed. Deliberate turning away from something you refuse to accept as it is. Fantasy critiques a present reality that is not good enough/insufficient. Critique in the hobbit: setting (middle earth): pastoral, welcoming, majestic, sublime, any modern illusions are negative. Tone: greener and less noise = world before. Smaug smog: new form of natural blight and problem created: celebrating ancient ways critiques modernity by celebrating it"s opposite. Valuing of handcraft > modern industrial production. Custom: way of being/doing that has its authority from age, age old practices that become natural because they"ve been done for so long. Gemeinschaft: face-to-face, personal, way of living like in the past, common, collective, focused on the common good. Gesellschaft: modern world governed by institutional law and contract, focused on the individual and self needs: people : in harmony with nature.

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