ENH 424- Midterm Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam ( 30 pages long!)
16 Feb 2018
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Document Summary
In canada there is no national surveillance system for systematic collection of water- borne diseases: surveillance is fragmented and outbreaks not always reported beyond local authorities. Burden of water-borne illness: globally, ~1. 8 billion drink faecally contaminated drinking water. Inadequate drinking water is estimated to cause 502,000 diarrhea deaths/year. Walkerton outbreak: the high-profile water-borne disease outbreak in walkerton, ontario, in may-june 2000 had significant public health and economic impacts. Multi-barrier approach: health canada drinking water guidelines advocate a multi-barrier approach to protect drinking water quality: Lecture 2 - drinking water legislation, systems, and standards. Disinfection/distribution: usually chlorine is used for primary disinfection, might also include uv or ozone, fluoride may be added to prevent tooth decay, other chemicals can be added to prevent distribution system corrosion. Secondary disinfection: free chlorine, in the form of hypochlorous acid = power disinfectant, low levels maintained in drinking water distribution systems to ensure safety of water after it is treated.
