HST 325 Study Guide - Final Guide: Andreas Vesalius, Scientific Revolution, Robert Hooke
Document Summary
Aristotle: empirical approach individuals matter interest in material change and causes of change. Distinction between matter and secondary qualities (give form to matter) Methodology: rules for studying nature 4 modes of causation material, formal, efficient, final. Cosmology linked to matter theory 4 elements, fire, water, air, earth. Theories of place and motion natural (ex. Rules for presentation and argument (logic) ways of achieving certainty. Ptolemy: renowned mathematician at his time - synthesized several astronomical elements. Hypotheses how to address deficiencies of aristotle"s system while preserving uniform circular motion. Eccentric: center of planets orbit is offset from the earth (accounts for basic apparent variations of speed and brightness) Epicycle on deference epicycle: secondary orbit centered on deferent. Equant: point distinct from earth and center of orbit. Hippocrates: humoural theory of health health is balance of 4 humors of body blood, flegm, black bile, yellow bile. Aquinas: faith first, but reason is provided by god.
