LIR 100 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Vietnamese Iced Coffee, Marshall Mcluhan, Linguistic Anthropology
19 Jun 2018
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LIR100 Midterm Notes
- Cultural universals chart be familiar enough to spot a fraud
- Remember which readers said definitions and what their occupation is
- Study Hall- ambiguity zone
- Remember 3 legged stool model
- Quotes we have drawn attention to- specific quotes- what did we draw attention to? Why
was it specific?
- Thinkers- not necessarily textbook writers but the people textbook writers draw attention
to- Hall, Sapphire, Whorf etc.-associate proxemics with hall, associate cultural relativity
with Frans Boas, associate linguistic relativity with sphere and Whorf- what is their
background boas, sphere linguist
- Contrasts- extremes- extremes of intimate place and public space, what sets them apart
- Examples- examples of concepts
- Where does Canada fall in these models? – look in charts of Hall’s dimensions and find
Canada then see if Canada falls in beginning (top 5), bottom (bottom 5) or middle
- Will be multiple choice and true/false
- Map people to definitions of cultures- where does Canada fit with dimensions
- Know more about hall’s model because of 3 legged stool- discussed in reading and class
- If it is in class notes and reading then good chance of it being on exam
- If in slides, reading and notes= probably on exam
Week 1: Global Communication and the Global Village
Ca phe sua da- Vietnamese iced coffee
- Brought from different places
- Extremely bitter; extremely sweet
Ear piece differences
- Real life app: translate may be incorrect (google translate), cannot teach a machine
everything about culture and language
“Global Village”
- Marshal McLuhan (1911-1980)- philosopher
- Every action and reaction happens simultaneously
- World has imploded and everything becomes small
- Even though we speak different languages we all belong to the same tribe
- Effects on new media- glasses are media, media reshapes consciousness (you can’t go
back once you’ve learned to write), rely more heavily on things you learn
- Relying on communication devices makes us think communication is easy
- Our intimate sense of self is related to global village
- Critical understanding
- Control vs. understanding
- Mechanical vs. electrical- mechanics are helpful in minimal was but we have moved to
electrical devices that conduct more tasks than mechanics
- Retribalization
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
- Empathy- imagining life as someone else, sense of humour towards getting it wrong
because we will make mistakes, paying attention to the artist all are important in the
process of growth
- We all come together- even in Canada, Toronto there is no statistical majority, testbed for
how intercultural relations works well
Why care about intercultural relations – Martin & Nakoyama (2007)
- Philosophers summarized that LIR is absolutely necessary because
- Technical imperative- knowing how to properly use technologies in intercultural
situations
- Demographic imperative- mass migrations due to famine, civil war, intercultural
oppression in own countries, understanding cultural differences, not jumping to
conclusions
- Economic imperative- learning multiple languages can help you economically,
government and organizational economics
- Self-awareness imperative- lead to own awakening, true self
- Ethical imperative- unjust oppression
Language and Intercultural Relations
- Lingua franca- imperative to become multilingual
“Electric” Multilingualism vs. “Mechanical” Lingua Franca
- Mechanical world view- lingua franca, what people tend to speak in a region as a
common form of communication, English has become the lingua franca of the world
- Lingua franca is a block to understanding because it assumes everything is one way
- Humility, humour and understanding are what we need most
- Mechanical view- forces people to do what we want them to do
- Simply because lingua franca is there doesn’t mean that’s what we need, we should all
become multilingual
- Intercultural Competence
Week 2: Global Mappings 1: Culture and Worldview
Edward B Taylor- anthropologist
- “That complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, custom and any
other habits acquired by humans who are members of a society”- Edward B Tylor
- Customs and habits can be observed and by observing you come to understand belief, art,
law etc.
- Habits are obtained by mimicking other people’s habits, not all are mimicked but vast
majority in culture are, taught by members of society
- Author likes definition because it distinguished between culture and society,
anthropology and sociology
- Studying group of people themselves- sociology interested in affecting change
- Anthropology deals with reporting what’s going on, making judges etc.
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Jane Suderman
- “Our personal philosophy of life and the universe [that] determines how we define reality
and how we act.”- Jane Suderman
- realizing you have a philosophy of life is the first step in knowing the grand scheme of
things
Definitions
Popular senses of “culture”
- Mass culture- everything English speakers of the world share together, thin slice of what
we mean about culture
- Consumer culture- culture crafted around products being sold to us by corporations and
their advertising group
- Popular culture- entangled with consumer culture, whole point is for youth to distinguish
themselves with older people, intended for a small subside of the population
- Folk culture- links to tradition, pop culture cannot do that, often times comes to be
associated with what is not mainstream
- High vs. low culture- low culture might be something like country music, high culture
may be classical music, some people like to defend themselves with low culture
- There are aspects or products of culture, not culture itself (which is far more pervasive)
Video on macy’s
- High culture because upward and high class are the only ones who even the timer
wanting to participate in high culture- hidden layer of culture
- Culture is pervasive through everything
- Problematic to stop here when thinking about culture
Technical senses of “culture”
Human creations- things that people create, not necessarily things in physical sense but that is
included
- Artifacts- material construction, etc. computer, desk, ratification of a building, something
you can see, touch, smell, taste etc.
- Sociofacts – things like rituals (tipping in a restaurant, amount you should tip, tipping in
different places), language being spoken, ways of standing and talking (body language)
- Technifacts- any kind of tool, not necessarily physical or visible, sometimes technifacts
require artifacts, but artifacts may exist without technifacts, any kind of notation system
(math, music, codes etc.), pencil exists as an artifact and technifact, any kind of
technology but does not subject to basic technologies
- Mentifacts- kinds of beliefs that might come out of artifacts, socifacts and technifacts.
Closely related to world views, belief system, sometimes it can be codified into rituals or
sometimes you don’t even realize you believe in it- understandably believing god exists
or doesn’t, values are also mentifacts- whether you value money more or people is a
mentifact
- Leads to mental and environmental programming
Developmental outcomes
- Leads to mental and environmental programming
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Cultural universals chart be familiar enough to spot a fraud. Remember which readers said definitions and what their occupation is. Contrasts- extremes- extremes of intimate place and public space, what sets them apart. Look in charts of hall"s dimensions and find. Canada then see if canada falls in beginning (top 5), bottom (bottom 5) or middle. Map people to definitions of cultures- where does canada fit with dimensions. Know more about hall"s model because of 3 legged stool- discussed in reading and class. If it is in class notes and reading then good chance of it being on exam. If in slides, reading and notes= probably on exam. Week 1: global communication and the global village. Real life app: translate may be incorrect (google translate), cannot teach a machine everything about culture and language. World has imploded and everything becomes small. Even though we speak different languages we all belong to the same tribe.
