NUR 80A/B Study Guide - Final Guide: Smoking Cessation, Random Assignment, Confounding
4 May 2016
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Effects of a new interventions may examine in some studies (e. g. , an innovative program to promote smoking cessation) In others, researchers gather information about existing phenomena. This is a distinction between experimental and nonexperimental research. When there is an intervention, the research design specifies its features. Researchers usually design their studies to involve comparisons that enhance the interpretability of the results. The complexity of relationships among variables makes it difficult to test hypotheses unambiguously unless efforts are made to control confounding factors (i. e. , to control extraneous variables). Data are collected from participants at a single point in time, but some studies include multiple contacts with participants. Real-world setti(cid:374)gs, su(cid:272)h as i(cid:374) (cid:272)li(cid:374)i(cid:272)s or people"s ho(cid:373)es. Highly controlled environments established for research purposes (e. g. , laboratories). Experimenters do something to participants in the study. Experimenters consciously vary the independent variable and then observe its effect on the dependent variable.
