PHL 214 Study Guide - Final Guide: Relativism, Fallacy, Begging
Document Summary
Chapter 1: the power of critical thinking: assertion/statement deductive soundness, proposition, premise, conclusion, argument, inference, indicator words, truth-value, deductive validity, deductive invalidity, deductive soundness, inductive arguments, inductively strong arguments, inductively weak arguments. Category 1: hindrances due to how we think. Category 2: hindrances due to what we think. Chapter 3: making sense of arguments: conditional statements, disjunctive statements, deductive argument patterns. Argument classification; argument evaluation; implicit premise; implicit conclusion; principle of charity; and all the terms on the chart which classifies arguments. Lecture outline: a method for classifying and evaluating arguments. Step 0: determine whether the passage contains an argument; Step 1: (a) find the conclusion(s) (b) find the premise(s) Steps 2,3,4: work your way through the argument chart (next slide) to classify and evaluate the argument. Making sense of arguments (conclusion: argument classification, diagramming an argument, dependent premises, independent premises, sub-arguments.
