Practical Nursing PNH301- Final Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam ( 71 pages long!)

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These pt"s (cid:272)o(cid:373)(cid:373)o(cid:374)ly have (cid:373)ultiple risk fa(cid:272)tors: may (cid:271)e pre(cid:272)eded (cid:271)y tia"s, usually slow onset. Emboli or clot fragment breaks off and travels to cerebral arteries. Clot usually originates in the heart, may also come from the carotid artery. Sudden onset of symptoms: may resolve if clot breaks into smaller pieces and is absorbed. Mi, hypercoagulopathy, other cardiac disease and cardiac surgery. Rupture or leaking of blood vessels into brain tissue or surrounding spaces (eg: subdural, subarachnoid: usually caused by: Severe hypertension (sudden, dramatic increases: may also be caused by amphetamine and cocaine abuse. Pt may have sudden onset of intense headache, nuchal rigidity, and possibly nausea & vomiting. Re-bleeding, seizures and vasospasm contribute to high mortality rate: often occurs after straining to have a bowel movement. Pts sometimes report poor compliance with antihypertensive therapy in weeks prior. It is estimated that for every symptomatic stroke, there are (cid:374)i(cid:374)e (cid:862)sile(cid:374)t(cid:863) strokes that result in cognitive impairment.

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