LING 222 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Topicalization, Third-Person Pronoun, Preposition And Postposition

• School: Simon Fraser University
• Department: Linguistics
• Course: LING 222
• Professor: John Lyon

Document Summary

Syntax: (cid:862) e(cid:374)te(cid:374)(cid:272)e (cid:272)o(cid:374)st(cid:396)u(cid:272)tio(cid:374). (cid:863) ho(cid:449) (cid:449)o(cid:396)ds a(cid:396)e st(cid:396)u(cid:374)g togethe(cid:396) i(cid:374) o(cid:396)de(cid:396) to fo(cid:396)(cid:373) ph(cid:396)ases a(cid:374)d sentences. Negation: o(cid:374)l(cid:455) au(cid:454)ilia(cid:396)ies (cid:272)a(cid:374) (cid:271)e di(cid:396)e(cid:272)tl(cid:455) p(cid:396)o(cid:272)eeded (cid:271)(cid:455) (cid:862)(cid:374)ot(cid:863) as a (cid:374)egatio(cid:374, will, would, can, could, may, must, should, shall, might, main verbs: verbs that are not auxiliaries. Nouns: mass nouns (less) and count nouns (fewer) Homogeneity: sameness of languages at a fundamental level. Glosses: the middle line that gives us a word for word translation so that we can examine the way the elements are ordered. Grammatical information: affixes, suffixes, morphemes: separated by a (-) Although the word order in english is very rigid, there are many ways to rearrange different sentences. (topicalization or fronting) Objects: often directly follow verbs as complements, finishing the meaning that was intended by the verb. Promotion: making a phrase or word more prominent in a sentence by moving it towards the front. Demotion: making a phrase or word less prominent (passivity)