COIS 3320H Study Guide - Fall 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Operating System, Computer Memory, Central Processing Unit

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COIS 3320H
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
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COIS 3320
WEEK 1
Wednesday, September 12, 2018
Operating System the software component of a computing system which is responsible for the
management and accessibility of the hardware resources
Provides end user support, or an interface if you want , between what the CPU and all of the other
devices that make up your computer
Though CPU is made up of a number of components, what the CPU can and cant do is restricted by
its instruction set
In order to interface with additional devices, a computer must have some method of assessing a channel
to the target device
- This is normally performed over a BUS
Accessing Operation System routines
To access additional functionality not found in the CPU’s basic set of instructions, you can use an
INTerrupt call
A INTerrupt is alled ith a uer hih idiated hih routie e’d like to ru
The Operating System
- Allows the user code to be much simpler and hides/abstracts much of the complex interfacing
required to talk to the hardware
- It also allows the OS to properply protect the environment so that an individual piece of user
code ant, in the best of cases
o Crash the computer
o Corrupt other process data
o Access data that is private
- OS are essentially resource managers
OS exist for different purposes
Embedded Systems
Server Environments typially do’t hae a GUI iterfae
Consumer Systems: households, students, small businesses
In application-driven systems, performance is of the utmost importance. This means that the user of
the system is more probably than not, well versed in the operating system.
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Often the interface to consumer systems is driven by ease of use requirements
The prettier the interface, the more resources it consumes at the detriment to performance
Command Line Interfaces
- Tyipaclly , there only one console
- May allow addition remote connections through telent or ssh for terminal sessions
- No mouse
- No windows to repaint
- Significantly less overhead
Virtualization
- The process of isolating processes to make it appear that each is running in a dedicated
environment
What is a process
It is a running instance of a program
It is made up of instructions and data
It requires access to the CPU, memory and most probably peripherals
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Document Summary

In order to interface with additional devices, a computer must have some method of assessing a channel to the target device. Accessing operation system routines: to access additional functionality not found in the cpu"s basic set of instructions, you can use an. Interrupt call: a(cid:374) interrupt is (cid:272)alled (cid:449)ith a (cid:374)u(cid:373)(cid:271)er (cid:449)hi(cid:272)h i(cid:374)di(cid:272)ated (cid:449)hi(cid:272)h routi(cid:374)e (cid:449)e"d like to ru(cid:374) Allows the user code to be much simpler and hides/abstracts much of the complex interfacing required to talk to the hardware. It also allows the os to properply protect the environment so that an individual piece of user code ant, in the best of cases: crash the computer, corrupt other process data, access data that is private. Os exist for different purposes: embedded systems, server environments (cid:894)typi(cid:272)ally do(cid:374)"t ha(cid:448)e a gui i(cid:374)terfa(cid:272)e(cid:895, consumer systems: households, students, small businesses. In application-driven systems, performance is of the utmost importance. May allow addition remote connections through telent or ssh for terminal sessions.

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