FRSC 1011H Study Guide - Winter 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Forensic Science, Fingerprint, Gas Chromatography

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Document Summary

The application of science to criminal and civil law. Development of the principles and techniques to identify and compare physical evidence. 1893 hans gross an austrian public prosecutor. Discusses how microscopy, chemistry, physics, mineralogy, zoology, botany, anthropometry and fingerprinting could be used to assist forensic investigators. Spaniard mathiew orfila (father of forensic toxicology) published a treatise on the detection of poisons and their effects on animals in 1814. Blood grouping, now blood types a, b, ab and o. Dr. leon lattes discovered a simple method for determining blood types from dried bloodstains, immediate criminal applications. Locard"s exchange principle states that when a criminal comes in contact with an object or person, a cross-transfer of evidence occurs. Only physical evidence is free from inherent error or bias- faulty memories or lapses of judgement have lead to many incorrect charges and convictions. Lay witness testimony must be factual and not contain personal opinions of the witness.

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