CHEM105 Study Guide - Final Guide: Transition Metal, Coordinate Covalent Bond, Coordination Number

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CHEM105 Full Course Notes
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Ions: (n-1)d electrons are significantly lower in energy than the ns electrons, apply the first in first out rule, fe = [ar]4s23d6, fe2+ = [ar]3d6, fe3+ = [ar]3d5. From scandium to manganese, the metal can lose all of their 4s and. 3d electrons: the max electrons lost range from 3 to 7, max oxidation state is +7. From iron to zinc, the oxidation states are mostly +2 or +3: cu has +1 and +2, ag has +1, au has +1 or +3, zn is always +2. Coordination compounds are compounds that contain complex ion(s) and counter ions that together form a neutral compound: the counter ion is not bounded to the metal and will dissolve in an aqueous solution. Coordination number is the number of ligand atoms bonded directly to the central atom: these ligand atoms can all come from 1 ligand or several different ligands. Depends on the size and electron configuration of the central atom.

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