NURS215 Study Guide - Final Guide: Ritonavir, Gonorrhea, Aspergillus

• School: University of Alberta
• Department: Nursing
• Course: NURS215
• Professor: Helena Schaefer

Document Summary

Resistance: bacteria spread / mutations, bacterial communication. Transposon ("jumping" genes) transfer resistance info onto plasmids: biochemical mechanism. B lactamase, kinase, acetyltransferase: receptor site alteration. Viral = common, contagious, self-limiting, symptom mngmt. w/ meds. Empiric tx for suspected bacteria, wide range efficacy, broad spectrum abx carbapenems, higher generation penicillins and cephalasporins. Focal tx after culture & sensitivity testing/bloodwork, narrow spectrum abx, may change meds choose med to which bacteria is sensitive (selectivity & specificity) often vancomycin, pen g/v. Carbapenems: potent for serious (meningitis, asp. pneu), iv only. Cefazolin iv (ancef), cephalexin po (kelfex) prophylaxis for surgery. Inhibit synthesis of folic acid, inhibit cellular fx. Nystatin: 1st tx for candida (skin, gi infections) Gram positive: skin, respiratory tract (multi-layer peptidoglycan wall) E-coli, klebsiella, pseudomonas, salmonella, hib, cholera, syphillis, gonorrhea, Viral infections: non-living, protein coated require host to replicate, vaccinate! Therapy challenges: mutation, parasitic nature (enters healthy cells), targets (killing normal cells, unless reach virus prior to entering host)