BIOL 1080 Final: Lec 13 exam notes

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blueelephant164

23 Apr 2012

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Kidney filter and adjust volume and content of blood plasma, indirectly control blood pressure. Spleen filter and remove old red cells and platelets, site of maturation of white blood cells. Thymus site s of maturation of white blood cells, major site of antigen presentation and memory formation in b cell populations. Tonsils (4 types) site of storage and maturation of white blood cells. Neural conduction: gap junctions very fast, contract as a unit i. e. no fibre recruitment like skeletal muscle (in wave-like action) Metabolism: very high oxidative capacity (lots of mitochondria) fatigue resistant. *has to beat for a lifetimes -- 100,000/day roughly 3 billion total. The right side of the heart (pulmonary circuit) Contains blood rich in carbon dioxide: returns from the tissues, flows out to the lungs. The left side of the heart (systemic circuit) Contains blood rich in oxygen: returns from the lungs, flows out to the tissues. *physicians can diagnose valve problems with a stethoscope.

Related Questions

i) What are the functions of liver, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue and heart muscle? Donât forget the endocrine functions of some of these tissues.

ii) Relate the functions of liver, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue and heart muscle to the dominant metabolic pathways in these tissues. NOTE! , not all pathways take place in all tissues.

iii) What hormones have effects on these tissues and what receptors do they bind to in liver, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue and heart muscle? Also what are the effects of these hormones on these tissues? Include specifics about pathways and specific enzymes of pathways that are affected .

iv) What metabolic pathways are most active and what are the preferred fuels of these tissues in the fed (high blood glucose) state, under mild fasted (low blood glucose) and under starvation conditions (very low and prolonged low blood glucose concentrations) of liver, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue and heart muscle?

skyant425

1) Check all that are components of the sympathetic innervation of the heart.

Check All That Apply

Cervical sympathetic ganglion

Spinal cord Spinal cord

Vagus nerve (CN X)

Cardiac nerve

Sympathetic postganglionic axon

2) Check all that occur during ventricular contraction.

Check All That Apply

The AV valves open to allow blood to enter the ventricles from the atria.

The semilunar valves remain closed to prevent backflow of blood into the ventricles.

The semilunar valves open to allow blood to flow into the large arteries.

The AV valves close to prevent backflow of blood into the atria.

3) Put the pattern of circulation into the correct order, beginning with the pulmonary circulation.

Blood enters the plumonary arteries and travels to the lungs.

Blood leaves the right side of the heart.

Blood enters the plmonary veins.

Blood enters the system arteries.

Blood delivers oxygen to the tissues, and then enters systematic veins.

Blood enters the left side of the heart.

4)Check all that are characteristics of cardiac muscle.

Check All That Apply

Cells are long and cylindrical.

Cells are short and branching.

Cells have multiple nuclei at the periphery of the cell.

Cells have one or two nuclei in the center of the cell.

They are composed of thick and thin filaments.

The functional contractile unit is the sarcomere.

Describe, in detail, the molecular mechanisms by which passivetension alters active tension in cardiac myocytes. In that answer,address any differences in the length tension relationship betweencardiac and skeletal muscle. How would a decrease in the volume ofblood entering the heart directly alter the force of contraction ofthe heart (answer should explain the underlying physiologicalmechanisms involved)?

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BIOL 1080 Final: Lec 13 exam notes

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