BIOM 2000 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Vasodilation, Antigen Presentation, Pharynx

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Networks of small vessels, capillary beds, within which transfer of materials between blood and. Carrying vessels: arteries, arterioles, venules and veins body cells occurs. Cells of the sinoatrial node (san) spontaneously initiate aps that spread over the atria. This stimulate the atrioventricular node (avn) to produce action potentials that pass along the. Direct delivery of the aps to the ventricles by the purkinje fibres ensures that the chambers contract from the bottom up. When a heart is removed from an animal or human being, it continues to beat at the inherent rhythmic rate of the san (pacemaker) However, in the living being, the rate of san excitation is governed by the ans: acetylcholine [ach] from parasympathetic neurons slows the heart rate, epinephrine from sympathetic neurons speeds up the heart rate. Blood moves from major veins leading into the atria. Contraction of the atrial muscle forces the blood ventricle.

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