BOT 2100 Midterm: BOT2100 - MIDTERM REVIEW

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Lecture 1 introduction and evolution of plants: distinguish between heterotrophs and autotrophs. Autotrphes are organisms that are able to synthesize their own sources of energy (organic carbon) form inorganic sources. Heterotrophes: cannot synthesize organiccarbon, must consume other organisms to gain energy: explain the endosymbiotic theory and the key steps that are believed to have occurred. Endosybiotic theor is the progreesion of simple prokaryotic cells to complex eukaryotic cells. Starts: loss of cell wall in prokaryote allows cell to become phagocytic allows it to grow and change its shape. Capaple of engulfing organisms by infolding of plasma membrane -> leads to the formation of the endocytic vessels. Eventual acquire nucleus, allowing dna to be stored. Cell membrane inflodings are pinched off to form golgi apparatus. Plama membrane encorporates sterols making it more flexible , cytoskeleton also developed support and cell movement. Mitochondria and chloroplasts are engulfed: understand how taxonomy/biological classification can be used to identify a particular plant.