[MBG 2400] - Final Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam (30 pages long!)

• School: University of Guelph
• Department: Molecular Biology and Genetics
• Course: MBG 2400
• Professor: Andrew Robinson

Document Summary

Metazoa: eukaryotic, lack cells walls, multicellular, hetertrophic. Seed- that contained nutritive tissue, seed coat, dispersal mechanisms, pollen, and enhanced fertilization. Vascular tissue- xylem and phloem with lignin= larger sporophytes. Ability to live on land- waterproof cuticles and stomata, multicellular reproductive structures. Chloroplasts containing chlorophyll alpha, beta and gamma carotene, store starch in plastid oxygenic- photoautotrophs. Two phases of meiosis result in the formation of gametes (haploid) and the recombination of genes recombination- the production of gene combinations not found in parents by: 1. the assortment of non homologous chromosomes: crossing over between homologous chromosomes during meiosis. For linked genes, the frequency of recombination can be used to estimate the genetic map distance. Meiotic recombination- any meiotic process that generates a haploid product with a genotype that differs from the two haploid genotypes that constituted the meiotic diploid. The product of meiosis so generated is the recombinant. Early 1900s details of mitosis and meiosis known.