MBG 3060 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Linkage Disequilibrium, Allele Frequency, Sex Linkage

• School: University of Guelph
• Department: Molecular Biology and Genetics
• Course: MBG 3060
• Professor: Andrew Robinson

Document Summary

Law of segregation: allelic pairs segregate during gamete formation and the paired condition is restored by random fusion of gametes at fertilization. Dominance: when two alleles are different, one is expressed and the other is masked. Gene: a locus (location on a chromosome) with 2 alleles in diploid organisms; an allele. Rule of multiplication: chance of gg in f2 = = . Rule of addition: (when asking or ) chance of gg or gg in f2 = ( )( ) + ( )( ) = . Dominance: progeny resemble parent 1 (dominant parent) [not 1:2:1] Law of independent assortment: alleles controlling separate traits segregate independently when on separate loci. When 2 loci are not independent, f2 ratios do not hold: factors affecting independence and f2 ratios: Pleiotrophy: one locus affects two or more traits. Example: white cat (ww or ww), w allele also causes deafness (melanocytes) Epistasis: alleles at one locus affect the expression of alleles at a different locus.