MBG 2040 Study Guide - Guanine, Senescence, Dna Microarray
5 Dec 2012
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Document Summary
The 2" carbon is attached to an h only in dna, i. e. the sugar is 2- deoxyribose, and is attached to a hydroxyl (oh) group in rna, i. e. the sugar is ribose, both are pentose sugars. Strong acid group: represents major charge (-) at biological (neutral) ph ranges. Nucleic acids composed of repeating subunits called nucleotides. Adjacent nucleotides are joined by phophdiester bonds that join 3"oh of one sugar to 5"oh of adjacent sugar giving dna chain polarity. Dna structure ideal for storing genetic information because of the strong covalent bonds and the weaker hydrogen bonds (although many), and hydrophobic bonds (association of nonpolar groups with each other) stacked base pairs provides hydrophobic core. Supercoiling controlled by topoisomerase (make single or double stranded breaks in dna then seal them controlling the degree of dna coiling, organized collapse into folds aided by rna and proteins. Single human cell contains ~2m of dna in its nucleus.
