MBG 2040- Final Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam ( 27 pages long!)

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Perpetuation of genetic information from generation to generation, 2. The discovery of reverse transcriptase (a reverse transcriptase is an enzyme used to generate complementary. Dna from an rna template, a process termed reverse transcription) in retroviruses and retro-like viruses defied the central dogma. The standard b-form dna helix of watson and crick. Basic features of the dna double helix: anti-parallel strands: pola(cid:396)it(cid:455)! (cid:894)(cid:1007)(cid:859) a(cid:374)d 5(cid:859) e(cid:374)d o(cid:374) ea(cid:272)h st(cid:396)a(cid:374)d of dna(cid:895, complementary base pairs (at and gc). It can not be absolutely identical, b/c replication process is very accurate but not perfect. Synthesis of dna occurs in 3 steps: 1. General features of dna replication include: dna replication occurs semi conservatively. Initiated at unique origins (specific sites where it is initiated: usually proceeds bidirectionally from each origin of replication. Each dna strand serves as a template for the synthesis of a new complementary strand. Complementary base pairing (at & gc) determines the sequence of the new strand.

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