MBG 2040- Final Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam ( 65 pages long!)

• School: University of Guelph
• Department: Molecular Biology and Genetics
• Course: MBG 2040
• Professor: Krassimir Joseph Yankulov

Document Summary

Mendel"s study of heredity: one reason for mendel"s success is that he chose his experimental material very carefully. Using the garden pea was extremely beneficial for mendel as pea flowers contain both male and female organs. The male organs, called anthers, produce sperm - containing pollen, and the female organ, called the ovary, produces eggs. Individual pea strains are highly inbred, displaying little if any genetic variation from one generation to the next. Because of this uniformity, we say that such trains are true-breeding. Some alleles evidently control the phenotype even when they are present in a single copy: the principle of segregation: in a heterozygote, two different alleles segregate from each other during the formation of gametes. Punnett square: when more than two genes are involved, the forked-line or probability methods are used to predict the outcome of a cross.