MBG 2400 Study Guide - Quantitative Trait Locus, Taxis, Allele Frequency
12 Mar 2014
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Pleiotrophy: one locus affects two or more traits. Example: white cat (ww or ww where w is dominant, w allele also causes deafness because of melanocytes. Epistasis: alleles at one locus affect the expression of alleles at a different locus. Example: coat colour in labs where e expresses dark colour, e masks dark colour, b is black and b is chocolate (brown). Black lab (b-e-) x yellow lab (likely bbee) have a litter of all black labs therefore black lab parent is bbee. Linkage: two or more loci are on the same chromosome. Allele frequencies: p = p + 0. 5h (dominant allele) P + h + q = 1 q = q + 0. 5h (recessive allele) p + q = 1. Hardy-weinburg (h-w) equilibrium: allele frequencies and genotypic frequencies remain constant and genotypic frequencies are determined by allele frequencies (in a large, random mating population in the absence of migration, mutation and selection).
