NUTR 4320 Final: Exam notes - section 5
24 Dec 2016
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Sources: plants (d2, animals (d3, supplementation (d3, fortification (government initiatives ie. milk & margarine, sun. Terminology & organs relevant to d/calcium story: absorption, reabsorption. Minerals need transporters to get through the membrane into the mucosal cell, and more transporters to get it out into the portal blood. Proper absorption of calcium depends on expression of a calcium binding protein in epithelial cells. Small molecules like calcium circulate in blood and eventually reach the kidney, where they pass through the filter and can end up in the urine unless reabsorbed. Reabsorption removes the molecules from the filtrate and gets them back into the blood: resorption. Dissolving bone structure to release calcium into the bloodstream. Serves to increase blood calcium (1st response: stimulates production of calcitriol in kidney (activates 1-hydroxylase, stimulates resorption of bone (activation of osteoclasts, maximizes tubular reabsorption of calcium in kidney, vitamin d.
