PSYC 2450 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Cardinality, Pubic Hair, Puberty
29 May 2018
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PSYC 2450 MIDTERM
HEREDITY
• Principles of hereditary transmission
o Genetic material
▪ Nucleus
▪ Chromosome
▪ Gene
• Genotype
▪ Observable/measureable characteristics
• Phenotype
o Growth of zygote and production of body cells
o Germ cells
▪ Production through meiosis
▪ Hereditary uniqueness
• Crossing over
• Independent assortment
o Multiple births
▪ Monozygotic twins
▪ Dizygotic twins
o Male or female
▪ Sex depends on sperm
• X bearing
o Female
• Y bearing
o Male
o What do genes do
o How are genes expressed
▪ Single gene inheritance patterns
• Simple dominant recessive
• Codominance
• Sex linked
▪ Polygenic inheritance
• Hereditary disorders
o Chromosomal abnormalities
▪ Sex chromosomes
▪ Autosomes
o Genetic abnormalities
o Predicting hereditary disorders
o Detecting hereditary disorders
▪ Amniocentesis
▪ Chorionic villus sampling
▪ Ultrasound
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o Treating hereditary disorders
▪ Fetal surgery
▪ Genetic mapping
▪ Gene replacement therapy
• Hereditary influences on behaviour
o Behavioral genetics
▪ Methods of studying hereditary influences
• Selective breeding
• Family studies
o Twin design
o Adoption design
▪ Estimating contribution of genes and environment
• Genes
• Environment
o Shared
o Non shared
▪ Examples
• Intellectual performance
• Personality
• Behavior disorders and mental illness
• Applying developmental themes to hereditary influences on development
o Canalization principle
o Range of reaction principle
o Genotype/environment correlations
▪ Passive
▪ Evocative
▪ Active
• Contributions and criticisms of the behavioral genetics approach
PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT
• Overview of maturation and growth
o Changes in height and weight
o Changes in body proportions
o Skeletal development
o Muscular development
o Variations in physical development
▪ Individual
▪ Cultural
• Brain development
o Neural development
▪ Cell differentiation
▪ Synaptogenesis
o Plasticity
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
