BIOL 1010- Midterm Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam ( 408 pages long!)
11 Oct 2017
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2. 1) organisms are composed of elements, in combinations called compounds. Everything living or not, if it takes up space and has mass, is made of. Matter on earth is in 3 states: solid, liquid, gas. All types of matter as diverse as rocks, water, air, and humans are all composed of chemical elements. An element is a substance that cannot be broken down to another substance by ordinary chemical means. Elements hydrogen and oxygen are gases, but combined in a ratio 2:1 they form the most abundant compound on earth. A compound has characteristics different from those of its elements. Most compounds in living organisms have at least 3-4 elements. Ex. ) sugar (made of carbon, hydrogen, & oxygen: proteins = carbon+hydrogen+oxygen+nitrogen+sulfur. Diff arrangements of the atoms of these elements give rise to the unique properties of each compound. 2. 2) trace elements are common additives to food and water. Some trace elements like iron(fe) are needed by all forms of life.
