[BIOL 2500] - Midterm Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam (40 pages long!)

• School: University of Manitoba
• Department: Biological Sciences
• Course: BIOL 2500
• Professor: Roman Gietz

Document Summary

Two ways to reproduce in the universe. Uses mitosis: many plants use this method. Strawberries, many trees - many microbes use this method as well. Sexual reproduction: production of haploid gametes (n) using a specialize processes. Variation is important in the survival of a species. Only those that have some sort of variation in their genome have some level of protection against extinction. Extinction is due to changing conditions in the environment. New microbe that attacks a specific genotype. A change the environment that affects growth conditions. Variation in the genome protects against loss of an entire species. Cell division is to produce a multicellular organism. Mitosis - produces two identical daughter cells that are exact genetic replicas of the parental cell: 2 daughter cells from 1 parent cell. Most body cells are somatic cells (non-reproductive) usually with chromosomes present in pairs which is the diploid number (2n) of chromosomes. Gametes are produced from germ-line, or reproductive, cells.