MBIO 3470- Midterm Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam ( 25 pages long!)

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Oligonucleotides catalogues of 16s rrna sequences: dr. woese (univ. of illinois, 1977) devised a method that more directly assesses sequences similarities of rrna of different organisms, his work is summarized in (cid:862)(cid:271)a(cid:272)terial evolution(cid:863): (microbiol. **make a table of this later: at the time, it was possible to sequence small oligonucleotides, but not the complete molecule. Isolate ssu-rna from ribosomes and digest with rnase t1. 3"side of all guanine residues to generate oligonu(cid:272)leotides of various sizes: the fragments were labeled with 32p and separated by electrophoresis and purified. Sab = 2nab/(na+nb: sab are analogous to similarity coefficients. In this case, each specific oligonucleotide is analogous to a character in numerical taxonomy. Except, there are genotypic, not phenotypic characters: the value of sab is directly related to the similarity in the sequences of ssu-rna"s of organism a and b and therefore the sequence similarity of the genes encoding the ssu-

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