BIOL130 Study Guide - Final Guide: Fas Ligand, Caspase, Cytochrome C
31 Aug 2018
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Document Summary
Cell cycle orderly sequence of events in which cell duplicates its contents & divide into 2. Metazoans many cell divisions required to generate new organism from fertilized egg. Universal features of cell division: must faithfully replicate dna, replicated dna must be accurately distributed (segregated) to daughter cells, most cells duplicate other macromolecules + organelles & double in size before dividing. 2 copies of each essential to survival. Complex dna packaging typically 140 mi nucleotides long. Become visible only when cells are about to divide. Human karyotype 22 autosomes + 1 xx/xy = 23 pairs 46 chromosomes. Tumour suppressors proteins that detect dna damage & halt cc. Transcription factors that drive gene expression for cdk inhibitors. Regulatory mechanisms: change cyclin levels, remove inhibitory phosphate groups, remove/add inhibitory protein. Mitotic-promoting factor (mpf) hetero-dimeric protein that induces mitosis. Not active until bound to cyclin; levels are constant. Has inhibitory phosphatase; must be dephosphorylated by phosphatase to be activated.
