BIOL130 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Rna Splicing, Non-Coding Rna, Messenger Rna

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blushworm18

1 Aug 2016

School

University of Waterloo

Department

Biology

Course

BIOL130

Professor

Heidi Engelhardt

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Document Summary

Active (a) site specialized region of an enzyme surface to which a substrate molecule binds before it undergoes a catalyzed reaction. P site - the ribosomal site most frequently occupied by peptidyl-trna (the trna carrying the growing peptide chain) just before peptide bond formation trna enters at the a site and waits for the p site to clear. After the p site clears, the trna moves to the p site and then donates it amino acid to the chain, and then it holds the chain. A fter another trna enters and replaces this current trna, it lets go of the polypeptide chain and moves to the e site, where the ribosome ejects it. Alternative splicing splicing (joining) of rna transcripts from the same gene in different ways, each of which produces a distinct protein. Aminoacyl-trna synthetase an enzyme that attaches the correct amino acid to a trna molecule to form an aminoacyl-trna.

Related Questions

Gene expression is a multi-step process. Place these events in the correct order.

Question 13 options:

charged tRNA molecules read the next codon, entering the A site of the ribosome.

Translocation of the mRNA to the cytoplasm.

Recruitment of RNA polymerase.

tRNA(Met) binds to the start codon AUG in the P site of the ribosome.

Assembly of small and large ribosome subunits on the mRNA.

Processing of the primary RNA molecule.

Release factors recognize the stop codon, signaling the release of the protein, mRNA and ribosome subunits.

Synthesis of primary RNA molecule, a direct copy of the DNA template.

Recognition of the mRNA by the small ribosome subunit .

Peptidyl transferase, transfers the amino acid of the incoming tRNA to the growing peptide chain.

Binding of transcription factors to the promoter.

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31. T or F. In pre-mRNA splicing, the 5â splice site, 3â splice site, and the cleavage site in the
intron sequence each have a consensus nucleotide sequence.
32. T or F. The addition of an amino acid to a tRNA molecule is an example of a molecular
switch.
33. T or F. The binding of a ligand to its specific plasma membrane receptor is an example
of a molecular switch.
34. T or F. Energy obtained from ATP hydrolysis is used to attach each amino acid to its
tRNA molecule in a high energy bond that is used later in the ribosome to join an amino
acid into the polypeptide chain.
35. T or F. Every new protein, as it emerges from RNA polymerase in the nucleus, is
comprised of amino acids that have been joined together in a linear chain.
36. T or F. The ribosome has a total of 3 RNA binding sites, including the A, P, and E sites.

Gene ExpressionQuestions

Question 1

#1) Match the following reactions to the correct step of proteinsynthesis by ribosomes.

___ Hydrolysis of GTP and disassembly of the translationcomplex.

___ binding of initiator aminoacyl-tRNA

___ formation of the peptide bond

___ translocation of ribosome

___ Use of 2 mole-equivalents of ATP and attachment of an aminoacid to a transfer RNA molecule

Answer Choices for Number #1
A. initiation step
B. elongation step
C. termination step
D. aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase reaction

Question 2

#2) Mark which of the following are needed for the synthesis ofRNA by RNA polymerase:

___ primer

___ ATP, CTP, GTP, UTP

___ dATP, dCTP, dGTP, dTTP

___ template

Question 3

#3) Mark which of the following are properties of a bacteria(prokaryotic) messenger RNA:

___		It has a cap at the 5'-end.
___		It has a poly-A tail at the 3'-end.
___		It has a 5'-untranslated region (UTR).
___		It has a 3'-untranslated (UTR) region.

Question 4

#4) Match the following RNA molecules to their respectivefunctions in the cell.

___ transfer RNA

___ ribosomal RNA

___ messenger RNA

___ small nuclear RNA (snRNA)

Answer Choices for Number #4

A. This RNA serves as the template for protein synthesis.
B. This molecule is a molecular component of ribosomes.
C. This molecule is a component of spliceosomes and serves torecognize the exon-intron junctions
D. This RNA molecule is delivers the amino acid to the ribosome andit recognizes the appropriate codons with its anticodon loop.

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BIOL130 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Rna Splicing, Non-Coding Rna, Messenger Rna

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