BIOL241 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Cloning Vector, Aspartate Kinase, Coliform Bacteria
22 Apr 2013
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Goals: remove pathogenic microorganisms; decrease turbidity; eliminate taste and odor and reduce nuisance chemicals. Most of the drinking water is the ground water. The process: raw water is dumped into a sedimentation basin where anionic polymers, alum and chlorine are added, sedimentation allows the large particles to settle down. Water is then pumped into coagulation basin: coagulation removes floc, containing insoluble material and microorganisms. After mixing the large particles interact and form large, aggregated masses. As they settle (by gravity), they trap and remove microorganisms, absorb organic matter and sediment: filtration removes of all remaining particulates, organic and inorganic compounds. Filter typically consists of thick layers of sand, activated charcoal and ion exchangers. Critical to remove disinfectant-resistant microbes like giardia and cryptosporidium. Slow sand filtration: pile of sand in a large tank (4-6 feet in depth). Water runs in there and filters through the sand pile.
