[BIOL 266] - Final Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes fot the exam (28 pages long!)
29 Mar 2017
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Computers are required to store and analyze biological data. Computational biology: the application of computer tools to solve biological problems. Bioinformatics: more emphasis on analysis of high-throughput data (e. g. genomic sequence data) Subtasks of computational biology: pattern discovery, prediction, integration, simulation, engineering, therapy. Sub-disciplines in computational biology: algorithm and tool development and tool use/application: algorithm: set of rules/instructions specifying how to solve a problem, tool: implementation of that algorithm (software) Dna polymers are specific sequences of nucleotides each nucleotide differs by the nitrogenous base. Genetic instructions (dna) makes up the genome: genome is composed of gene which are dna instructions for making proteins. Rna: three main different types mrna, trna, rrna. Prokaryotic vs. eukaryotic genes: prokaryotes do not have introns. Proteins: orfs from start to stop specify order of amino acids: folding of a protein is determined by its amino acids sequence and chemical properties of the amino acids.
