BIOL373 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Renal Function, Afferent Arterioles, Efferent Arteriole
17 Apr 2014
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Diabetes: two types, mellitus sweet urine, insipidus bland/tasteless urine, endocrine disorder glucose in the urine. Breakdown of hemoglobin and hormones: exogenous: Environmental toxins: production of hormones, erythropoietin regulates red blood cell synthesis, renin regulates blood pressure and sodium balance, enzymes help conversion to hormones to regulate calcium balance. Kidney structures: 2 types of nephrons, cortical, juxtamedullary, renal corpuscle. Abdominal aorta renal artery arterioles afferent arteriole glomerulus (capillaries) efferent arteriole peritubular capillaries venules veins vena cava. Afferent arteriole glomerulus efferent arterioles vasa recta : bowman"s capsule + glomerulus. Glomerulus is the bunch of capillaries: distal nephron, podocytes, distal tubule + collecting duct, foot processes wrapped around capillaries, filtration barrier. Juxtaglomerulus apparatus: ascending loop of henle folds back onto itself (positioned near afferent/efferent arterioles, paracrine communication between apparatus and afferent arteriole. Kidney function: filtration, movement of water and solutes into the tubules via the blood, only occurs in renal corpuscle, filtrate isosmotic w/ plasma 300 mosm.
