CLAS202 : CLAS 202 Textbook Summary [Full Course] File contains concise, easy-to-read summaries of assigned textbook readings. Readings arranged chronologically for ease of use; organized under the same headings used in the textbook for increased readability.

• School: University of Waterloo
• Department: Classical Studies
• Course: CLAS202
• Professor: Daniel Hutter

Document Summary

Many of the divine or semi divine forces that resided within the household were associated with specific locations within the house. Vesta was associated with the hearth, janus was the god most associated with thresholds and doorways, the penates were spirits that protected the food storage areas. The penates required daily offerings usually given by throwing food or salt on the fire. Termina was associated with property boundaries and worshipped in the terminalia festival celebrated every february 23. The lemures were the dangerous dead, hostile ghosts of people who died at a young age or otherwise unexpectedly. Manes were the benevolent spirits of ancestors, later on in roman religion everybody was seen as having individual manes (soul) but in the early days they were worshipped communally through the feralia and parentalia festivals. Not assumed to have direct contact with humans in the same manner that the greek gods did, contacted through specific media.